A counterexample to Vaught's conjecture for infinitary logic
There is a counterexample to Vaught's conjecture for L_{omega_1,omega}. This formalization is based on an unpublished draft by Robin Knight. It constructs a sentence in a countable relational language with exactly aleph-one isomorphism classes of countable models and no nonempty perfect set of pairwise nonisomorphic model codes. This is not a counterexample to the first-order Vaught conjecture.
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