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Berge's theorem, the Tutte–Berge formula and the Gallai–Edmonds theorem

Juan Pablo Traverso Gianini

Palomar Registrypalomar/PALOMAR-2026-10-16-000011Oct 19, 2026math.COscore 0

A Lean 4 / Mathlib formalization of Berge's augmenting path theorem (a matching is maximum if and only if there is no augmenting path) and of the Tutte–Berge formula (the maximum size of a matching is the minimum over vertex sets U of (|V| + |U| − odd(G − U)) / 2), with the weak inequality for all matchings and vertex sets; the formula is derived from Mathlib's Tutte theorem by adding universal vertices. Version 2 adds the Gallai–Edmonds structure theorem: with D the vertices missed by some maximum matching, A their neighbours outside D and C the rest, the components of G[D] are…

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